1. Overview of birds
Birds are a group of animals with the ability to fly high and abundant, diverse in color, shape and habits. They are widely distributed across the globe, from the harsh regions of the Arctic to the warm tropical forests of Asia, Africa and the Americas. With more than 10,000 known species in the world, birds are one of the most diverse groups of animals on Earth.
Each species of bird has unique characteristics in shape, size, color and habits, from which the names of birds are derived. However, they have common characteristics such as having feathers covering their bodies, beaks, claws and wings, helping them move and fly in the air. Birds also have the ability to sing and make different sounds.
2. Origin of birds in the world
Bird species around the world have undergone an evolutionary process lasting millions of years, starting from the Jurassic period about 150 – 200 million years ago. The first known birds were discovered in different locations around the world, from Europe, Africa, Asia to North America.
Many of today’s species appeared over a period of 30 million years ago. Scientists have proposed hypotheses about the origin of birds in the world, including the hypothesis that they all originate from a common ancestor, a dinosaur that lived about 160 million years ago.
Scientists have also studied the evolution of birds through analyzing their genetic data. Since then, scientists have discovered that some species have developed unique characteristics during evolution to suit their habitat. For example, birds that live on mountain tops can fly very high, while birds that live in water environments can dive to the bottom of rivers or seas to catch prey.
